Interleukin 33 supports squamous cell carcinoma growth via a dual effect on tumour proliferation, migration and invasion, and T cell activation.

Interleukin (IL)-33 is an important cytokine in the tumour microenvironment; it is known to promote the growth and metastasis of solid cancers, such as gastric, colorectal, ovarian and breast cancer. Our group demonstrated that the IL-33/ST2 pathway enhances the development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Conversely, other researchers have reported that IL-33 inhibits tumour progression. In addition, the crosstalk between IL-33, cancer cells and immune cells in SCC remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IL-33 on the biology of head and neck SCC lines and to evaluate the impact of IL-33 neutralisation on the T cell response in a preclinical model of SCC. First, we identified epithelial and peritumoural cells as a major local source of IL-33 in human SCC samples. Next, in vitro experiments demonstrated that the addition of IL-33 significantly increased the proliferative index, motility and invasiveness of SCC-25 cells, and downregulated MYC gene expression in SCC cell lines. Finally, IL-33 blockade significantly delayed SCC growth and led to a marked decrease in the severity of skin lesions. Importantly, anti-IL-33 monoclonal antibody therapy increase the percentage of CD4+IFNγ+ T cells and decreased CD4+ and CD8+ T cells secreting IL-4 in tumour-draining lymph nodes. Together, these data suggest that the IL-33/ST2 pathway may be involved in the crosstalk between the tumour and immune cells by modulating the phenotype of head and neck SCC and T cell activity. IL-33 neutralisation may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for SCC.

Multiple metastatic basal cell carcinoma with concurrent metastatic pleomorphic sarcoma in chronic lymphedema area--case report.

Chronic lymphedema presents as interstitial fluid retention due to a failure in the lymphatic system drainage. The affected region becomes more vulnerable immunologically and predisposed to the onset of neoplasms. Basal Cell Carcinoma is the most common sort of neoplasm, nevertheless it rarely metastisizes. Sarcomas are malignant mesenchymal neoplasms, locally aggressive, which can spread. Here is reported an infrequent case of multiple basal cell carcinoma, synchronous to a poorly differentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, both spreading to lymph nodes and arising from tissue compromised by chronic lymphedema.

Multiple metastatic basal cell carcinoma with concurrent metastatic pleomorphic sarcoma in chronic lymphedema area: case report / Carcinoma basocelular múltiplo e metastático concomitante a sarcoma pleomórfico e metástatico em área de linfedema crônico: relato de caso

Chronic lymphedema presents as interstitial fluid retention due to a failure in the lymphatic system drainage. The affected region becomes more vulnerable immunologically and predisposed to the onset of neoplasms. Basal Cell Carcinoma is the most common sort of neoplasm, nevertheless it rarely metastisizes. Sarcomas are malignant mesenchymal neoplasms, locally aggressive, which can spread. Here is reported an infrequent case of multiple basal cell carcinoma, synchronous to a poorly differentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, both spreading to lymph nodes and arising from tissue compromised by chronic lymphedema.

Linfedema crônico se manifesta pelo acúmulo de líquido intersticial por falha da drenagem linfática. A região afetada torna-se imunologicamente vulnerável e predisposta ao desenvolvimento de neoplasias. Carcinoma basocelular é a neoplasia maligna mais comum, entretanto raramente metastatiza. Sarcomas são neoplasias mesenquimais malignas, localmente agressivas e capazes de metastatizar. Apresentamos um caso raro de múltiplos carcinomas basocelulares concomitantes a sarcoma pleomórfico pouco diferenciado, metastáticos para linfonodos, originando-se em área de linfedema crônico.

Carcinoma espinocelular em couro cabeludo inicialmente diagnosticado como queratoacantoma / Squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp initially diagnosed as keratoacanthoma

O queratoacantoma pode com muita facilidade ser confundido com carcinoma espinocelular, tanto clínica quanto histopatologicamente. Só o queratoacantoma, entretanto, pode regredir de maneira espontânea. Relata-se caso de paciente com lesão exofídica, ulcerada e infiltrada em couro cabeludo previamente diagnosticada como queratoacantoma. O exame histopatológico confirmou carcinoma espinocelular, e a tomografia de crânio evidenciou invasão da calota craniana. Procedeu-se à excisão cirúrgica com margens amplas e confecção de retalho de rotação, seguida de tratamento adjuvante com quimioterapia e radioterapia. Há muitos relatos na literatura de carcinomas espinocelulares erroneamente diagnosticados como queratoacantomas demonstrando a dificuldade nessa diferenciação. Enquanto não se estabelecem métodos eficazes para distinguir as duas entidades, o tratamento de escolha deve ser a excisão cirúrgica.

Keratoacanthoma may be easily mistaken with squamous cell carcinoma, both clinically as well as histopathologically. However, only keratoacanthoma can regress spontaneously.We report a case of a patient with a exophytic, ulceraded, infiltrated lesion in their scalp that was initially diagnosed as a keratoacanthoma. The histopathologic examination confirmed the presence of squamous cell carcinoma, and the tomography of the skull showed that the cancer had spread within the cranium. A surgical excision with wide margins and rotation flap was conducted, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments.There are a great number of accounts of squamous cell carcinoma erroneously diagnosed as keratoacanthomas in the specialist literature, illustrating the difficulty in differentiating between them.While there is no established effective method to distinguish between the two conditions, surgical excision should be the treatment of choice.